What is Metaphysics? Metaphysics is a core branch of philosophy that seeks to understand the fundamental nature of reality, existence, and the universe. Derived from the Greek phrase ta meta ta physika (“the things after the physics”), the term was coined to describe Aristotle’s works that followed his writings on the physical world. Unlike empirical…
Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) is widely regarded as one of the most influential philosophers in Western thought. His work fundamentally reshaped metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and aesthetics, laying the groundwork for modern philosophy. Born in Königsberg, Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia), Kant lived a modest and disciplined life, never traveling far from his hometown, yet his intellectual reach…
Born in 384 BCE in Stagira, Northern Greece, Aristotle was the son of Nicomachus, a physician to King Amyntas of Macedon. At the age of 17, he moved to Athens and enrolled in Plato’s Academy, where he spent two decades mastering philosophical doctrines. Following Plato’s demise, Aristotle traveled extensively and became the mentor to Alexander…